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PELATIAH M. BUTTON, OF TROY, NEW' YOIK.k

MODE OF CONSTRUCTING CAST-IRON PAVEMENT.

Specication of Letters Patent N o. 14,384, dated March 4, 1856.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PELATIAH M. HUTTON, of the city of Troy, county of Rensselaer, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Making Cast- Iron Pavements for Streets; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the same, reference be* ing had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a descriptive View. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same through the line o 0. Fig. 3 is a top view of one of the lower courses of curb plates; Fig. 4, a vertical section of the same through the line P P. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one `of the adjustable three way keys on an enlarged scale.

The nature of my invention consists in making cast iron pavements of double thickness, or in two courses of iron plates, one resting upon the other, and in fastening them together with adjustable keys and stationary pins, as hereafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction.

I make my iron pavements of two courses of cast plates, the lower course A much broader than the upper course, but less in thickness, with ribs C on the upper surface of them upon which the uppei` course of plates B rests. The two courses of plates are so formed and proportioned that each of the lower plates support in part 7 of the upper plates and each of the upper plates rests upon 3 of the lower plates, except those in the center of the lower plates and those that join the curbstone as shown in Fig. l. By this arrangement it will be seen that there are none of the joints formed by the edges of the plates in the two courses that are parallel to each other and where they cross each other than do so at right angles in all cases as described. v

In order to avoid the necessity of using pieces to nish up to the curbstone I alter one tier of the lower course of plates so as to cover the entire surface and cast upon it one-half of one of the upper plates as shown at I-I Figs. 3 and 4.

To make the two courses of plates lie iirm and conform to the convex surface of the street when laid down they are slightly curved, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The two courses of plates are firmly fastened together as follows: The lower courses of plates A are first laid down having the'ribs C cast on their upper surface with the pins E cast on said ribs projecting upward, as shown on Fig. 3, the upper plates B having the holes F cast through them corresponding to said pins, so that when laid together the pins pass through the holes and bring all the plates respectively to their proper places, thus firmly holding them together laterally, as shown in Fig. l. In order to fasten the two courses of plates together vertically I use an adjustable three way key, as shown at- D, Fig. 5, (which is drawn on alarger scale than the other figures). I use one of these keys in every top plate'which passes through its center down through the lower plates at their angles and center as shown at G and I), Fig. l, and when turned around after passing through it holds the two courses of plates together as shown at D D, Fig. 2, thus forming a very strong combination of plates for pavements that require but little preparation or expense for a foundation and can be laid down with accuracy and despatch.

The great objections raised against iron pavements now in use is their weight increasing the first cost and the manner of locking the plates together in order to keep the surface even, by which process it is ren dered very difficult to take it up for the repairs of gas and water pipes and replace it again without leaving a weak and imperfect placein the pavement. It will be seen by my arrangement of double plates and adjustable keys that it makes a very tight yet a very strong pavement and one that can Yeasily be taken up at any point, and replaced as perfect as before.

I do not conline myself to any particular form, size, or thickness of plates, for they can be made to any desirable weightor form. I think, however, that the upper plates should be about 12 inches broad and when the form herein shown and described is used the wearing surface should be about of an inch broad and the distance between the wearing surfaces about 2 inches, the depth of the hexagon cavities thus formed from l inches to 2 inches, the thickness of the lower plates about` inch, including ribs, and about 20 inches broad when the above named surface plates are used. The cavities thus formed between the wearing surfaces, as

shown in Fig. 1, may be lled with coarse gravel or cement or any other material best adapted for the purpose.

I do not claim the use'oi' cast iron for pavements; neither do I claim the heXagon or any specified forms of wearing surface to be illed with gravel or any other material.

That I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. Making an iron pavement of double thickness or of two courses of iron plates one resting upon the other.

2. I claim fastening the two courses of iron plates together vertically by means of the three way adjustable key as shown at D in Fig. 2 or its equivalent.

3. I claim attaching the two courses of iron plates together laterally by means of the pins E cast on the upper surface of the lower plates and the holes F cast through the upper plates corresponding thereto as described or their equivalents.

4. I also claim the manner of forming and arranging the two courses of iron plates so as to producethe following results, that the joints formed by the edges of the upper course of plates are in no case parallel to the joints of the lower course of plates, and where the joints of the two courses of plates cross each other they do so at right angles in all cases substantially as described and shown in Fig. l.

PELATIAH M. HUTTON. [11. s] lVitnesses:

J. DATER HUT'roN, IVM. MADDEN. 

